集装箱储能系统热管理系统的现状及发展

Present situation and development of thermal management system for battery energy storage system

集装箱储能系统因其安装运输方便、建设周期短和环境适应能力强的优点而具有广泛的发展前景。然而随着整体能量密度的不断提高和制造成本的降低,以热失控为特征的储能系统电池安全事故频发,严重威胁着用电安全和相关人员的生命安全。因此,以防止集装箱储能系统热失控为核心的研究成为近几年储能系统研究领域的热点。本文从储能电池安全角度出发,对目前集装箱储能系统热失控机理及研究现状进行综述,阐述了储能电池的冷却方式(空气冷却、液体冷却、相变材料冷却和热管冷却)以及热失控的抑制措施,总结了最新研究成果。具体地阐明了温度和湿度对电池的影响,全面总结了提高集装箱储能系统安全性及可靠性的方法,合理展望了现今储能系统热管理技术的发展方向,以期促进储能系统安全管理方法与策略的开发,进而提高储能电池系统的安全性。

Battery energy storage system has broad development prospects due to its advantages of convenient installation and transportation,short construction cycle,and strong environmental adaptability.However,battery safety accidents of energy storage systems characterized by thermal runaways occur frequently,which seriously threatens power consumption and life safeties of relevant personnel with the continuous improvement of overall energy density and the reduction of manufacturing costs.Therefore,the research on preventing thermal runaway of battery energy storage systems has recently become a hot spot in the field of the energy storage system.From the perspective of energy storage battery safety,the mechanism and research status of thermal runaway of container energy storage system are summarized;the cooling methods of the energy storage battery(air cooling,liquid cooling,phase change material cooling,and heat pipe cooling)and the suppression measures of thermal runaway are introduced,and the latest research results are reviewed.This paper expounds on the influence of temperature and humidity on batteries,comprehensively outlines the methods to improve the safety and reliability of container energy storage systems,and projects the development direction of thermal management technology.This paper aims to promote the development of safety management methods and strategies of the energy storage system and then improve the energy storage system's safety.