伙伴国贸易便利化对中国出口的影响——基于跨国实证研究

The impact of partner countries’ trade facilitation on China’s export——Based on a cross-country empirical study

中国与伙伴国之间的传统关税与非关税壁垒逐渐降到相对较低水平,贸易便利化水平在中国对外贸易发展中愈显重要。运用2009—2019年中国116个贸易伙伴国的跨国面板数据,从硬件基础设施和软性基础设施两个方面,实证分析了伙伴国贸易便利化水平对中国出口的影响。研究发现:在硬件方面,伙伴国交通和通信基础设施对中国出口均有较强促进作用,发展中国家硬件基础设施对中国出口的促进作用强于发达国家。在软性基础设施方面,海关环境对中国出口有正向促进作用,规则环境对中国出口的影响较弱;发展中国家软性基础设施对中国出口的影响也大于发达国家。

Traditional tariff and non-tariff barriers between China and its partner countries have gradually decreased to a relatively low level, and the level of trade facilitation has become more and more important in the development of China’s foreign trade. Using the cross-border panel data of China’s 116 trading partner countries from 2009 to 2019, this paper empirically analyzed the impact of partner countries’ trade facilitation level on China’s exports from two aspects of hardware infrastructure and soft infrastructure. The study found that in terms of hardware, the transportation and communication infrastructure of partner countries have a strong role in promoting China’s exports, and the hardware infrastructure of developing countries plays a stronger role in promoting China’s exports than that of developed countries. In terms of soft infrastructure, the customs environment has a positive effect on China’s exports, and the regulatory environment has a weaker impact on China’s exports. The impact of soft infrastructure in developing countries on China’s exports is also greater than that in developed countries.