农村劳动力析出及禀赋依赖对耕地集约利用的影响

IMPACT OF RURAL OUT-MIGRATION AND ENDOWMENTS DEPENDENCY ON AGRICULTURE LAND USE INTENSITY

[目的]农村劳动力析出直接影响耕地利用,分析劳动力析出对耕地集约利用的影响对协调人地矛盾,提高耕地资源利用效率具有重要意义。根据广东省区域经济差异,将广东省划分为珠三角、粤东、粤西和山区,研究劳动力转移和资源禀赋对广东耕地集约利用的影响。[方法]文章利用面板数据模型,选取2009―2018年4个不同区域农村劳动力析出及禀赋要素对耕地集约利用的影响。[结果]农村劳动力析出与耕地集约利用存在倒“U”型关系。通过进一步交叉乘积检验发现,劳动力析出是否依赖于耕地规模、复种指数、种植结构、农业机械等禀赋要素促进耕地集约利用存在区域差异,当农村劳动力析出到达临界值时,调整影响耕地集约的变量才能有效促进耕地集约。[结论]在无法断言农村劳动力析出及外部条件与耕地集约利用是否存在潜在均衡时,推动耕地集约需要寻找相关辅助变量工具,因时因地制定耕地集约利用政策。

Rural labor migration directly affects the utilization of cultivated land.Impact research on cultivated lands’intensive using under transference situation of rural labor is an important way for China to coordinate cultivated land protection and economic development.Based on analysis of regional economic divergences,Guangdong province is divided into the Pearl River Delta,Eastern Guangdong and Western Guangdong and Mountainous Areas of Guangdong.This study used panel data model to investigate the impact of rural out-migration and endowments dependency on agriculture land use intensity in different regions of Guangdong Province.The result showed that the relationship between rural migrant population and agriculture land use intensity was similar to an inverted U shaped curve.Furthermore,cross-multiplying terms were introduced in panel data model to test endowments dependency on agriculture land high effective usage,and outcome illustrated that there were regional differences on whether rural out-migration was dependent on endowment elements such as farmland scale,multiple cropping index,planting structure,agricultural machinery to promote agriculture land use intensity.Therefore,when it cannot assert whether there is a potential equalization between rural out-migration,rural external conditions and agriculture land use,relevant auxiliary variables tools should be found and policies of agriculture land utilization intensity should be made according to time and sites for improving agriculture land use intensity.