广州海山仙馆的遗痕与遗产

Traces and Legacy of Haishan-Xianguan in Canton

文章以已湮没的清代著名园林广州海山仙馆为例,在没有实物遗存的情况下,从"遗痕"而非"史料"的视角出发,探讨已消失的园林及其遗产。通过园址、地形,以及中西游园者留下的图、像、笔记和游记等不同媒介的遗痕,分析历史上海山仙馆的择址、布局和主体建筑"一堂一台",讨论不同文化背景的接受者对园林的差异性认识,并回顾海山仙馆衰败后,其遗痕在不同历史时期被忽略、清除、再发现和被不断用于塑造荔枝湾景观的过程。文章认为已消失园林的遗痕传播与景观重塑过程中所形成层叠的历史记忆是其遗产价值的重要体现。

This article studies Haishan-Xianguan(Sea Mountain Immortals’Lodge),which is a vanished traditional garden famous in the Qing Dynasty in Canton(Guangzhou).The article discusses the disappeared gardens and their legacies from the perspective of‘traces’rather than historical‘sources’.Through the collection of traces from different vehicles,including the site,topography,drawings,images,writings and travel notes left by Chinese and Western tourists,the article analyses the site selection,layout and main buildings(a hall and a covered stage)of Haishan-Xianguan in history,and further reviews how traces of Haishan-Xianguan were ignored,obliterated,and rediscovered in different periods,and were continuously utilised to reshape the landscape of Litchi Cove after its decline.The article holds that memories of the history formed through the dissemination of the traces and reshaping of the landscape are an essential manifestation of the heritage value of the disappeared garden.