杜仲叶水提物对湘西土鸡生长发育及免疫功能的影响

Effects of the extracts from Eucommia ulmoides leaves on the growth,development and immunity of Xiangxi hybrid chicken

为探究杜仲叶水提物对湘西土鸡生长发育及其免疫功能的影响,试验将300只湘西土杂鸡随机分为5组,每组5个重复,每个重复12只鸡,将杜仲叶水提物分别按照0.05%、0.1%、0.15%、0.2%的比例分别添加到试验组日粮中,试验共42 d,按每21 d为1个试验周期对湘西土鸡进行免疫器官称重和免疫蛋白含量测定,以明确杜仲叶水提物对湘西土鸡生长发育及免疫功能的影响。试验结果表明,与对照组(V)相比,添加0.15%处理组的土杂鸡平均日增重与对照组相比显著提高13.14%(P<0.05),料重比显著降低2.97%(P<0.05);处理组土杂鸡的法氏囊和胸腺指标伴随杜仲叶提取物投放量的升高表现为先升高再降低(P<0.05),脾脏指标无显著差异(P>0.05),0.1%的杜仲叶水提物对法氏囊指标影响最大((P<0.05)),而0.15%的杜仲水提物对胸腺指标的影响最大(P<0.05)。(3)不同处理组土杂鸡血清中的IgA、IgM没有明显变化(P>0.05)。第21天0.15%处理组的土杂鸡血清IgG浓度与对照组相比显著上升,0.05%和0.1%处理组土杂鸡的IgG浓度次之(P<0.05);但在第42天时,0.05%和0.1%处理组土杂鸡血清中IgG浓度相比对照组均有所升高,但无显著差异(P>0.05),0.15%处理组的土杂鸡血清中IgG达到峰值(P<0.05)。添加0.20%处理组土杂鸡血清中IgG浓度在整个试验周期表现出浓度下降的现象(P<0.05)。此试验结果说明,0.15%杜仲叶水提物能促进湘西土鸡的生长发育,并能提高其免疫功能。

In order to explore the effect of Eucommia ulmoides leaves water extract on the growth,development and immune ability of Xiangxi native chickens,the experimental period was 42 days.300 Xiangxi native chickens were randomly divided into 5 groups with 5 replicates in each group and 12 chickens in each replicate.The Eucommia ulmoides leaves water extract was added to the daily feed of the experimental group according to the proportion of 0.05%,0.1%,0.15%and 0.2%respectively,The immune organs of Xiangxi native chicken were weighed and the content of immune protein was determined every 21 days in order to clarify the effects of water extract of Eucommia ulmoides leaves on the growth,development and immune ability of Xiangxi native chicken.Compared with the control group(V),the experimental results showed that:(1)Compared with the control group,the average daily gain of soil miscellaneous chickens in the 0.15%treatment group was significantly increased by 13.14%(P<0.05),and the feed weight ratio was significantly reduced by 2.97%(P<0.05).(2)The Fabricius sac and thymus index of soil miscellaneous chickens in the treatment group increased first and then decreased with the increase of Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract(P<0.05),there was no significant difference in spleen indexes(P>0.05).0.1%aqueous extract of Eucommia ulmoides leaves had the greatest effect on bursa indexes((P<0.05)),while 0.15%aqueous extract of Eucommia ulmoides had the greatest effect on thymus indexes(P<0.05).(3)there was no significant change in IgA and IgM in serum of native hybrid chickens in different treatment groups(P>0.05).On the 21st day,the IgG concentration in the serum of the soil miscellaneous chickens in the 0.15%treatment group increased significantly compared with the control group,followed by the IgG concentration in the soil miscellaneous chickens in the 0.05%and 0.1%treatment groups(P<0.05);but on the 42nd day,the IgG concentration in the serum of the soil miscellaneous chickens in the 0.05%and 0.1%treatment groups increased compared with the control group,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05),the IgG concentration in the serum of native chicken in the 0.15%treatment group reached the peak(P<0.05).The IgG concentration in the serum of native chicken in the 0.20%treatment group decreased in the whole test cycle(P<0.05).The results showed that the water extract of 0.15%Eucommia ulmoides leaves could promote the growth and development of Xiangxi native chicken and improve the immune ability of Xiangxi native chicken.