医学营养干预在妊娠期高血压疾病患者中的应用效果

Effect of Medical Nutrition Intervention on Patients with Hypertensive Disorder Complicating Pregnancy

目的探讨医学营养干预在妊娠期高血压疾病(HDCP)患者中的应用效果。方法选取商丘市睢阳区妇幼保健院2018年3月至2021年1月收治的80例HDCP患者。采取随机数表法将患者分为对照组(40例)和观察组(40例)。对照组患者接受常规干预,观察组患者接受常规干预联合医学营养干预,持续干预至分娩结束。对比两组干预前和干预结束时的血压[舒张压(DBP)和收缩压(SBP)]、生活质量[生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74)]。比较两组不良妊娠结局发生情况。结果干预结束时,两组DBP、SBP均较干预前低,观察组DBP、SBP较对照组低(P<0.05)。干预结束时,两组躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能、物质生活状态评分均较干预前高,观察组躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能、物质生活状态的评分较对照组高(P<0.05)。两组胎盘早剥发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组产后出血、新生儿窒息、胎儿窘迫总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论在HDCP患者中应用医学营养干预的效果较好,可降低患者血压水平,提高生活质量,降低母婴不良妊娠结局发生风险。

Objective To explore the effect of medical nutrition intervention on patients with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy(HDCP).Methods A total of 80 patients with HDCP treated in Suiyang District Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Shangqiu from March 2018 to January 2021 were selected.A random number table method was used to divide them into control group(40 cases)and observation group(40 cases).The patients in control group received routine intervention and the patients in observation group received routine intervention and medical nutrition intervention.The intervention was continued until the end of delivery.The blood pressure[diastolic blood pressure(DBP)and systolic blood pressure(SBP)]and quality of life[comprehensive quality of life assessment questionnaire(GQOLI-74)]were compared between the two groups before and at the end of intervention.The adverse pregnancy outcomes of the two groups were compared.Results At the end of intervention,DBP and SBP in both groups were lower than those before the intervention,while those of observation group were lower than those of control group(P<0.05).At the end of intervention,the scores of physical function,psychological function,social function and material life status of the two groups were higher than those before the intervention,while those of observation group were higher than those of control group(P<0.05).There was no statistical difference in the incidence of placental abruption between the two groups(P>0.05).The incidences of postpartum hemorrhage,neonatal asphyxia and fetal distress in observation group were lower than those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Medical nutrition intervention has better intervention effect in patients with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy,which can reduce the blood pressure level,improve the quality of life and reduce the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes of mothers and infants.