快速康复外科护理在全膝关节置换患者术后康复中的应用效果

Application Effect of Rapid Rehabilitation Surgical Nursing in Rehabilitation of Patients After Total Knee Arthroplasty

目的探讨快速康复外科护理在全膝关节置换患者术后康复中的应用效果。方法选取2018年10月至2020年12月于郑州大学第一附属医院骨科接受初次全膝关节置换术的50例患者。按随机数表法将患者分为对照组(25例)和观察组(25例)。对照组患者接受常规护理干预,观察组患者接受快速康复外科护理。分别于术后7 d和术后3个月依据美国特种外科医院(HSS)膝关节量表评估患者的关节功能恢复情况。分别于术后7 d和术后3个月依据数字疼痛分级法(NRS)评估患者术后疼痛程度。比较两组术后首次进食时间、术后首次下床活动时间、住院时间。结果术后3个月,两组HSS量表评分高于术后7 d(P<0.05)。术后7 d和术后3个月,观察组HSS量表评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。术后3个月,两组NRS评分低于术后7 d(P<0.05)。术后7 d和术后3个月,观察组NRS评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组进食时间、下床活动时间和住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。结论于全膝关节置换术围手术期对患者进行快速康复外科护理可有效加快康复速度,减轻患者的疼痛程度。

Objective To explore the application effect of rapid rehabilitation surgical nursing in postoperative rehabilitation of patients with total knee arthroplasty.Methods A total of 50 patients who underwent the first total knee arthroplasty in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from October 2018 to December 2020 were selected.The patients were divided into control group(25 cases)and observation group(25 cases)according to random number table method.The patients in control group received routine nursing intervention.The patients in observation group received rapid rehabilitation surgical nursing.Seven days after operation and three months after operation,the recovery of joint function was evaluated according to American Hospital for Special Surgery(HSS)knee scale.The degree of postoperative pain was evaluated by numeric rating scale(NRS)7 days after operation and 3 months after operation respectively.The first time to eat after operation and get out of bed after operation and the time to stay in hospital were compared between the two groups.Results Three months after operation,the scores of HSS scale of the two groups were higher than those of seven days after operation(P<0.05).Seven days after operation and three months after operation,the scores of HSS scale in observation group were higher than those in control group(P<0.05).Three months after operation,the NRS scores of the two groups were lower than those of 7 days after operation(P<0.05).Seven days after operation and three months after operation,the NRS scores in observation group were lower than those in control group(P<0.05).The time of eating,getting out of bed and staying in hospital in observation group were shorter than those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Perioperative rapid rehabilitation surgical nursing for patients with total knee arthroplasty can effectively accelerate the rehabilitation and reduce the pain degree of patients.