基于Caprini DVT风险评估量表的早期护理模式在急性脑梗死后昏迷患者中的应用效果

Application Effect of Early Care Model Based on Caprini DVT Risk Assessment Scale in Coma Patients After Acute Cerebral Infarction

目的观察基于Caprini DVT风险评估量表的早期护理模式应用于急性脑梗死(ACI)后昏迷患者的效果。方法回顾性采集2018年3月至2020年11月入住南阳市第一人民医院西区医院的97例ACI后昏迷患者资料,按建档时间分为两组。常规组47例,接受常规护理模式;研究组50例,在常规组基础上接受基于Caprini DVT风险评估量表的早期护理模式。比较两组并发症发生率[下肢深静脉血栓形成(LEDVT)、下肢肿胀、皮下瘀血]、干预前与干预2周后患侧下肢血流动力学(平均血流量、平均血流速、峰流速)、家属护理工作满意度[PZB的服务质量量表评分]。结果研究组LEDVT、下肢肿胀、皮下瘀血发生率(4.00%、4.00%、6.00%)均较常规组(19.15%、19.15%、23.40%)低(P<0.05);干预2周后,研究组平均血流量、平均血流速、峰流速较干预前升高,且高于常规组(P<0.05);研究组服务质量量表评分较常规组高(P<0.05)。结论基于Caprini DVT风险评估量表的早期护理模式应用于ACI后昏迷患者,可改善患侧下肢血流动力学,降低LEDVT、下肢肿胀、皮下瘀血发生率,提高家属护理工作满意度。

Objective To observe the effect of early care model based on Caprini DVT risk assessment scale-oriented applied to coma patients after acute cerebral infarction(ACI).Methods The data of 97 coma patients after ACI admitted to West District Hospital of Nanyang First People’s Hospital from March 2018 to November 2020 were retrospectively collected and divided into two groups according to the time of file establishment.Forty-seven patients in the routine group received routine care mode,50 patients in the study group received Caprini DVT risk assessment scale-oriented early care mode based on the routine group.The incidence of complications[lower extremity deep venous thrombosis(LEDVT),swelling of the lower extremities,and subcutaneous stasis],the hemodynamics of the affected side of the lower extremity(average blood flow,average blood flow rate,peak flow rate)before and 2 weeks after the intervention,family care job satisfaction[PZB quality of service scale score]were compared between the two groups.Results The incidence of LEDVT,lower extremity swelling and subcutaneous stasis in the study group(4.00%,4.00%,and 6.00%)were lower than those in the routine group(19.15%,19.15%,and 23.40%)(P<0.05).After two weeks of intervention,the average blood flow,the average blood flow rate and peak flow rate in the study group were higher than before the intervention,and the study group were higher than those of the routine group(P<0.05).The quality of service scale score of the group was higher than that of the conventional group(P<0.05).Conclusion The Caprini DVT risk assessment scale-oriented early care model applied to patients with coma after ACI can improve the hemodynamics of the affected lower extremity,reduce the incidence of LEDVT,lower extremity swelling and subcutaneous stasis,and improve the satisfaction of family care work.