美英加油气管道应急制度考察及对中国的借鉴

Investigation on Emergency System of Oil and Gas Pipeline in America,Britain and Canada and Its Reference to China

油气作为一项重要的战略资源,确保其正常供应是维护社会安定、促进经济发展的重要保障。管道运输属于中国五大运输方式之一,承担着绝大部分油气的运输工作。管道运输效率高,同时也风险大,这对一个国家的管道应急能力提出了挑战。因此,在对英国、美国和加拿大油气管道应急制度考察分析后,结合实际情况对中国油气管道应急制度提出了完善建议,主要包括完善油气管道应急法律法规体系、完善和落实油气管道应急预案制度、明确油气管道应急监管权责以及推动应急管理信息化建设。

Oil and gas are important strategic resources and ensuring the normal supply of them is one of the basic conditions for stabilizing society and promoting economic development. Pipeline transportation ranks among the five major modes of transportation in China,undertaking most of the oil and gas transportation work. Pipeline transportation is efficient and risky,which challenges a countrys pipeline emergency response capacity. Therefore,after investigating and analyzing the emergency system of oil and gas pipelines in the United Kingdom,the United States and Canada,this paper puts forward some suggestions in accordance with the actual situation to improve the emergency system of oil and gas pipelines in China,including perfecting the emergency laws and regulations system of oil and gas pipelines,perfecting and implementing the emergency plan system of oil and gas pipelines,clarifying the power and responsibility of oil and gas pipeline emergency supervision and promoting the information construction of emergency management.