家属赋能教育模式在骨质疏松脊柱压缩性骨折患者健康教育中的应用

Application of family empowerment education model in the health education of patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture

目的探讨家属赋能教育模式在骨质疏松脊柱压缩性骨折(OVCF)患者健康教育中的应用效果,为优化此类患者护理模式提供参考依据。方法选取2020年6—12月某医院收治的骨质疏松脊柱压缩性骨折患者116例为研究对象,按照组间基线资料匹配的原则将患者分为对照组和干预组,每组58例,两组均给予常规护理及健康教育,干预组同时给予家属赋能教育模式。比较两组入院时、出院前日常生活能力(Barthel指数)评分、健康教育知晓率、遵医行为、护理满意度。结果两组入院时Barthel指数评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);出院前,干预组Barthel指数评分高于对照组,组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组健康教育知晓率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,干预组健康教育知晓率高于对照组,组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组的遵医行为在合理饮食、功能锻炼和自我心理调节3方面比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,干预组合理饮食、功能锻炼和自我心理调节优于对照组,组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组护理满意度高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论家属赋能教育模式有助于改善骨质疏松脊柱压缩性骨折患者的遵医行为,提升日常生活能力和护理满意度。

Objective To discuss the application eff ect of family empowerment education model in the health education of patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture(OVCF),and provide a reference for optimizing the care model of such patients.Methods A total of 116 patients with osteoporotic spine compression fractures admitted to a hospital from June to December 2020 were selected as the study objects.The patients were divided into a control group and an intervention group according to the principle of matching baseline data between groups,with 58 cases in each group.All of two groups were given routine nursing care,and the intervention group also gave family members an empowerment education model.The scores of daily living ability(Barthel index)at admission and before discharge,health education awareness rate,compliance behavior,and nursing satisfaction before and after intervention were compared between the two groups.Results There was no statistically signifi cant diff erence in Barthel index scores between the two groups at admission(P>0.05).Before discharge,the Barthel index score of the intervention group was higher than that of the control group,and the diff erences between the groups were statistically signifi cant(P<0.05).Before the intervention,there was no statistically signifi cant diff erence in health education awareness rate between the two groups(P>0.05).After the intervention,the health education awareness rate of the intervention group was higher than that of the control group,and the diff erences between the groups were statistically signifi cant(P<0.05).Before the intervention,there was no statistically signifi cant diff erence in the two groups'compliance behaviors in terms of reasonable diet,functional exercise and self-psychological adjustment(P>0.05).After the intervention,the terms of reasonable diet,functional exercise,and self-psychological adjustment in the intervention group were better than those in the control group,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction of the intervention group was higher than that of the control group,and the diff erence was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The family empowerment education model can help improve the compliance behavior of patients with osteoporotic spinal compression fractures,and improve the ability of daily living and nursing satisfaction.