云南腾冲北海湿地自然保护区爬行动物多样性现状研究

Study on the Status of Reptile Diversity in Beihai Wetland Nature Reserve,Tengchong County,Yunnan Province

【目的】调查云南省腾冲市北海湿地省级自然保护区爬行动物多样性现状,更新北海湿地爬行动物本底数据,为湿地保护提供参考。【方法】在2019年5、7和8月以及2020年5、6和9月,以样线法为主、访问法和随机监测为辅进行实地调查;用属间多样性(G)-科间多样性(F)指数和平均动物区系相似性进行数据分析。【结果】野外调查共记录20种爬行动物,隶属于1目7科16属,增加北海湿地爬行动物新纪录4种,分别为贡山白环蛇(Lycodon gongshan)、白链蛇(Lycodon septentrionalis)、黑顶钝头蛇(Pareas nigriceps)和黑头蝰(Azemiops feae)。爬行动物G指数为2.718,F指数为4.795,G-F指数为0.433,与周围县域为密切、周缘关系。【结论】北海湿地爬行动物属内和属间多样性较低,科内和科间多样性较高。道路致死、栖息地破坏、环境污染和物种入侵是当地爬行动物的威胁因素,建议多部门联合保护北海湿地爬行动物。

[Purpose]The status of reptile biodiversity was investigated in Beihai Wetland Provincial Nature Reserve in Tengchong County,Yunnan Province,which helps to fill the gaps in a systematic reptile survey of Beihai Wetland and provide some advice for wetland protection.[Methods]In May,July and August of 2019,and in May,June and September of 2020,the survey was conducted mainly by the method of transect lines,supplemented by interviews and random mon-itoring.Intergeneric diversity(G)-interfamily diversity(F)index and average faunal resemblance were used for data analysis.[Results]During the field survey,20 species of reptiles were recorded,belonging to one order,seven families,and 16 genera.Four species from the present survey were new records for Beihai Wetland,including Lycodon gongshan,Lycodon septentrionalis,Pareas nigriceps and Azemiops feae.The G index of reptiles was 2.718,the F index of reptiles was 4.795,and the G-F index of reptiles was 0.433.Besides,the result of average faunal resemblance suggested that the Beihai Wetland was close related to the surrouding counties in total.[Conclusion]The diversity within and among genus of Beihai Wetland reptile is low,but the diversity within and among families of Beihai Wetland reptile is high.Road mortality,habitat destruction,environmental pollution and species invasion are the threatening factors to native reptiles.It is necessary that multiple departments work together to protect reptiles.