血嗜酸性粒细胞增多症与寄生虫感染

Blood eosinophilia and parasitic infection

血嗜酸性粒细胞增多症病因复杂,临床表现多样化,常给临床工作带来很多困难。寄生虫感染是引起血嗜酸性粒细胞增多症常见的病因之一,但是往往容易被临床医生忽视。常见的寄生虫感染包括肺吸虫、包虫、血吸虫、丝虫、阿米巴原虫、蛔虫、钩虫等,主要通过激活辅助性T细胞,释放白介素-5等炎症因子导致血嗜酸性粒细胞增多。其临床表现根据寄生虫类型及寄生虫累及部位不同而呈现多样性,无明显特异性。治疗上主要是去除病因及对症治疗,口服驱虫药,重症患者可予激素治疗,生物制剂仍需更多证据支持。

The etiology of eosinophilia is complicated and the clinical manifestations are diverse,which often brings many difficulties to the work of clinicians.Parasitic infection is one of the common causes of blood eosinophilia,but it is often overlooked by clinicians.Common parasitic infections include lung fluke,hydatid,schistosomiasis,filaria,amoeba,roundworm,hookworm,etc.Blood eosinophilia is caused mainly by activating helper T cells and releasing interleukin-5.The clinical manifestations of parasitic infection are diverse based on the types of parasites and the parts involved by parasites,without obvious specificity.The treatment is mainly to remove the cause and treat the symptoms.The patients take anthelmintic drugs orally,and the severe cases can be treated with hormones.Biologics still need more evidence to support.