莞草栽培、编织技术研究

The Study on the Planting and Weaving Techniques of Guancao

据现存的地方志资料来看,最晚至明朝天顺年间,莞草编织品便已成为东莞地区重要的物产,而民国时更是出现大量有名的草席商号,但是抗日战争的爆发使东莞的草织业受到冲击,直至1945年左右方再次发展。此后至20世纪90年代,东莞的莞草产业再次发展,除了传统的普通草席,方席、炉底席、圆席以及草篮、草盒子相继出现,内销与外销并行。莞草的栽培与利用虽曾因战乱而中断,但其中大部分技术借由书册或口述方式得以流传。通过梳理地方志资料及进行口述史访谈,厘清莞草的利用历史,以及莞草的栽培与编织技术发展,将有利于理解莞草编织入选广东省非遗名录的原因,并为保护与传承莞草的种植与编织技艺提供一定帮助。

According to the existing chorography,the Guancao products have become an important product in Dongguan since the Ming Dynasty.There were plenty of famous mats firms during the republican period,but Guancao's industry had declined when the War of Resistance Against Japan broke out.Since 1945,Guancao's industry has redeveloped and produced a lot of new weaving products,such as common mat,square mat,circular mat,basket and box.The products not only sell in China,but also sell to other countries.Al-though the Guancao's industry was interrupted by the war,but most of Guancao's planting and weaving techniques have spread by various ways.Combing chorography and oral histories to clarify Guancao's history and the techniques of its planting and weaving,will be con-ducive to understanding the reasons why that Guancao's weaving techniques were selected for an intangible cultural heritage.Moreover,it can help protect and pass down Guancao's planting and weaving techniques by this study.