货币战争:近代中国对外国在华发行钞票的抵制

Currency War:The Resistance of Modern Chinese to Foreign Banks Issuing Banknotes in China

外国银行在华发钞的走势与列强的侵华路线相一致,从通商口岸深入京畿堂奥,从边疆商埠渐及内地城乡。外钞在华泛滥成灾,引起中国官绅商民的抵制,东北是中外攻防激烈的地区。近代时段,伴随中华民族的觉醒,中国力谋收回金融主权,中外之间展开了没有硝烟的货币战争。中方采取的主要举措有:颁行统一币制的法令章程;建立中国的银行体系;积极发行中国纸钞;直接限禁外钞。1934年的法币改革后,外钞基本退出中国的发行市场。货币战争只有在中华人民共和国建立后才彻底取得最终胜利。

The trend of foreign banks issuing money in China was consistent with the route of foreign powers invading China,first from trading ports,then to the border areas,then to the hinterland of Beijing and Tianjin,and then to urban and rural areas throughout China,which resulted in the resistance of Chinese officials,gentry,merchants and people.Northeast China is an area of intense attack and defense between China and foreign countries.During the period of late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,with the awakening of the Chinese nation,China tried to recover its financial sovereignty.The main measures taken by China mainly include establishing China s banking system;actively issuing Chinese banknotes;restricting foreign banknotes in China.After the legal tender reform in 1934,foreign banknotes withdrew basically from the issuing market of China.However,the final victory of the currency war would not be realized until the founding of the People s Republic of China.