女性执政困境:玛丽一世女性王权合法性的确立

The Dilemma of A Queen:The Establishment of Legitimacy of Mary I s Female Kingship

玛丽一世作为英国历史上第一任女王,自继位伊始,其统治的合法性就充满了争议。亨利八世的婚姻案,使玛丽失去了继承王位的合法身份,爱德华六世临终遗嘱指定简·格雷作为继承人。尽管玛丽通过议会的支持处决了简并成为女王,但同西班牙的菲利普的婚姻加剧了民众对其统治合法性的质疑。中世纪晚期以来的政治理论和思想,也对女性统治充满了偏见。玛丽一世通过逐一回应对于其王权合法性的质疑,逐步确立了女性王权的合法地位。女性王权的合法确立,为后来伊丽莎白一世的继位奠定了基础,加速了民众对于女性君主王权的认同。

As the first queen in British history,the legitimacy of Mary I s kingship has been controversial since she succeeded to the throne.The first divorce of Henry VIII made Mary lose her legal status to inherit the throne.Edward VI s will designated Jane Gray as his successor.Although Mary executed Jane and became Queen with the support of Parliament,her marriage to Philip of Spain exacerbated people s doubts about the legitimacy of the rule.Political theories and thoughts since the late Middle Ages are also full of prejudice against women s rule.Mary I gradually established the legal status of female kingship by responding to the questions about the legitimacy of her kingship one by one.The legal establishment of female kingship laid the foundation for Elizabeth I s succession and accelerated the people s recognition of female monarchy.