基于倾斜煤层顶煤开采方式的支护及围岩稳定性分析

Stability Analysis of Support and Surrounding Rock Based on Mining Mode of Top Coal in Inclined Seam

本文对倾斜煤层顶煤开采的顶板移动特征进行研究,建立了倾斜煤层支护与围岩稳定性的力学模型。并对顶板移动和支护稳定性进行了数值计算和现场观测,提出了关键的控制措施。结果表明:裂隙首先出现在中上部顶板,并在倾斜煤层放顶煤中向上延伸,在中上应力集中区出现规则和不规则的垮落带,最终形成不对称的垮落拱。中上部工作面支护荷载大于中下部工作面,上部支座动荷载系数较大,支座前部的荷载大于支座后部的荷载,导致支座稳定性差。支护围岩系统的稳定主要取决于上部支护的稳定。

In this paper,the characteristics of roof movement in top coal mining of inclined coal seam are studied,and the mechanical model of supporting and surrounding rock stability of inclined coal seam is established.The numerical calculation and field observation of roof movement and support stability are carried out,and the key control measures are put forward.The results show that the cracks first appear in the upper and middle roof,and extend upward in the top coal caving of inclined coal seam.The regular and irregular caving zones appear in the upper and middle stress concentration area,and finally the asymmetric caving arch is formed.The support load of the middle and upper working face is greater than that of the middle and lower working face,and the dynamic load coefficient of the upper support is larger,and the load at the front of the support is greater than that at the back of the support,which leads to poor stability of the support.The stability of supporting surrounding rock system mainly depends on the stability of upper support.