天津市地方环境保护政策的制度逻辑与改进建议

Institutional Logic and Improvement Suggestions of Tianjin Local Environmental Protection Policy Under Transboundary Environmental Governance

本文采用内容分析法,以2014~2019年117份天津市环境保护政策为分析样本,构建时间演化—政策领域—政策工具的分析框架,进一步探究天津市环境保护政策的特征及制度逻辑。在时间维度上,天津市生态环境局所发布政策具有一定滞后性,且发文数量近年来明显降低;在政策领域上,天津市环境保护政策多关注于大气污染、危险物品管控以及环境执法等领域;在政策工具上,天津市环境保护政策主要为强制性政策工具,混合性政策工具与自愿性政策工具很少运用。目前,天津市环境保护政策体系已逐渐完善,但仍存在不足之处,因此在政策制定过程中应立足长远,在完善已有环境保护政策的同时要加强在政策领域的扩展,并平衡各种政策工具的使用状况。

In this study,117 environmental protection policies in Tianjin from 2014 to 2019 were taken as samples by content analysis method,and an analysis framework of time evolution--policy domain--policy tool was constructed to further explore the characteristics and institutional logic of environmental protection policies in Tianjin.In terms of time dimension,the policies issued by Tianjin Ecological Environment Bu‐reau are lagging behind to a certain extent,and the number of published policies has decreased significantly in recent years.In the policy field,Tianjin's environmental protection policies mostly focus on air pollution,dangerous goods control and environmental law enforcement.In terms of policy tools,the environmental protection policies in Tianjin are mainly mandatory policy tools,while mixed policy tools and voluntary pol‐icy tools are seldom used.At present,the environmental protection policy system of Tianjin has been gradu‐ally improved,but there are still many shortcomings.Therefore,the policy making process should be based on the long-term plan,improve the existing environmental protection policies and strengthen the expansion in the policy field,and balance the use of various policy tools.