我国农业科技自立自强战略路径与政策取向研究

Strategy and policy selections on the self-reliance and self-improvement in China’s agricultural science and technology

当今世界正处于新一轮科技革命和产业变革加速演变的新时代,农业科技创新日新月异,对我国农业科技提出前所未有的挑战。本文从新阶段加快农业科技自立自强的战略需求出发,分析新时代农业现代化的内涵与特征,探讨农业科技自立自强面临的重大挑战,提出了部署农业科技自立自强引领性重大科技工程建设的建议。研究表明,农业科技现代化处于农业现代化和农村现代化的战略核心地位。面临后疫情时期保障粮食安全的重大挑战,需强化农业基础研究、提升农业原始创新能力,突破生物育种核心技术、打造现代种业科技强国,突破智能农业关键技术、打造数字农业科技强国,突破绿色农业关键技术、构建生态安全农业技术体系,突破食品产业技术、构建营养健康农业技术体系等重大科技创新工程。因此,提出大力提高农业科技创新投入强度、大力培育支持农业创新型企业、强化农业科技人才队伍建设、加快农业科技成果转化应用、加大部署建设国家农业战略科技力量、重组构建国家现代农业科技创新体系等完善农业科技创新政策保障体系的建议。

The world is in a new era of rapid development of science and technology revolution and industrial change.Agricultural science and technology innovation is changing rapidly,which poses unprecedented challenges to agricultural science and technology in China.Based on the strategic demand of accelerating the self-reliance of agricultural science and technology in the new stage,this paper analyzed the connotation and characteristics of agricultural modernization,discussed the major challenges,and provided some scientific and technological engineering construction suggestions for the agricultural science and technology independence and self-reliance deployment.Results show that agricultural science and technology modernization is in the strategic core position of agricultural modernization and rural modernization.Facing the major challenge of ensuring food security in the post-pandemic era,China needs to invest more on the basic research of agriculture,to improve the original innovation ability of agriculture,to break through the core technology of biological breeding,to forge a great power in modern seed industry science and technology,to break through the key technologies of intelligent agriculture,to build a powerful country of digital agricultural science and technology,to break through the key technologies of green agriculture,and to construct the ecological safety agricultural technology system,and to break through the food industry technology and building the nutritious and health agricultural technology system.Thus,the suggestions include:improving the policy guarantee system of agricultural science and technology innovation,encouraging the input intensity of agricultural science and technology innovation,cultivating and supporting agricultural innovation enterprises,strengthening the talent construction in agricultural science and technology,accelerating the application of agricultural scientific and technological achievements,increasing the deployment and construction of strategic scientific and technological forces of national agricultural industry,and restructuring the national modern agricultural science and technology innovation system.