农户农业污染认知对耕地投入行为的影响研究

STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF FAMERERS'COGNITION OF AGRICULTURAL POLLUTION ON THEIR INPUT BEHAVIOR OF CULTIVATED LAND

[目的]在农业污染问题日益严重的现实背景下,提高农户农业污染认知水平,引导农户采取合理的耕地投入行为,对于实现农业可持续发展和建设"美丽乡村"具有重要意义。[方法]文章首先基于认知行为理论从理论上分析农户农业污染认知对耕地投入行为的影响机理,然后利用粮食主产县湘阴县农户调查数据,运用Tobit回归模型进行实证检验。[结果](1)农户农业污染现状认知、成因认知和政策认知均是影响化学投入品施用量的重要因素,其中,农业污染严重程度、农产品和耕地质量下降状况、农药危害程度、政策了解程度和政府政策满意度均有助于减少化学投入品施用量;(2)受教育程度、非农收入占比、人均承包地面积和承包地质量均对化学投入品施用量产生负向影响。[结论]因此,政府应加强农业污染治理的宣传引导,提高农户环保意识,开展农业技术培训,同时通过完善农业污染治理的相关环境规制来调整农户的耕地投入行为,最终达到防控农业污染的目的。

With the increasingly serious problem of agricultural pollution,improving farmers'understanding of agricultural pollution and guiding farmers to do reasonable input in cultivated land are of great significance for achieving agriculture sustainable development and building“beautiful villages”.Firstly,this research was focused on the influence mechanism of farmers'agricultural pollution understanding on their input in cultivated land,which was based on the cognitive behavior theory,and then an empirical test of the mechanism was made with the help of the survey data of farmers in Xiangyin county,the main grain-producing county,and also of Tobit regression model.The results were listed as follows.Farmers'understanding of agricultural pollution,including the understanding of its current situation,cause,and the existing governing policies were all important factors forthe application amount of fertilizer and pesticide inputs.Especially,enhancing the understanding of the severity of agricultural pollution,crop and cultivated land quality decline situation,pesticide hazards and the current policy,and improving government policy satisfaction could help reduce fertilizer and pesticide inputs.Education,proportion of nonagricultural income,per capita contracted land area,and contracted land quality all made negative influence on the application amount of fertilizer and pesticide inputs.Therefore,the government should strengthen the publicity and guidance of governing agricultural pollution,raise farmers'environmental awareness,conduct agricultural technology training,and at the same time,adjust the input behavior of farmers incultivated land by improving the relevant environmental regulations for agricultural pollution control,and finally achieve the purpose of agricultural pollution's prevention and control.