视域融合:民族共同体认同的理解基础

Fusion of Horizons:The Understanding Basis of National Community Identification

政治认同与文化认同是民族共同体认同的一体两面,对其关系的不同理解形塑了民族共同体认同的两种知识传统——"国家认同"和"认同政治"。强化同一性的国家认同传统彰显了政治认同相较于文化认同的高层次地位和主导作用,推崇差异性的认同政治传统则突出了文化认同的相对主义立场及其优先性。这两种知识传统虽思想主张各异,但都秉持政治认同与文化认同二元分立的分析框架。这一分析框架的缺陷在于:既无法准确把握民族共同体认同的本质,同时对政治认同与文化认同的关系认识不足。在其现实性上,对民族共同体认同的理解必须扬弃这一分析框架所固有的个体视域的片面性和局限性,在视域融合中实现民族共同体认同追寻意义和确立归属的目的。

Political identification and cultural identification are the two sides of the identification of the national community.Different perceptions of their relationship shape two identifications of the national community---"national identification"and"identity identification"."National identification"highlights unity focusing on the high-level status of and the leading role of political identification over cultural identification,while"identity politics"based on differences highlights the relativist position and priority of cultural identification.Different as they are,they follow the analytical binary framework.The defect of this framework is not able to accurately grasp the essence of the identification of national community and also lacks a sufficient understanding of the relationship between the two identifications.In reality,the one-sidedness and limitations of the individual horizon must be overcome in understanding of national community identification.Instead,the fusion of horizons must be taken.