三苗之后与扶风窦氏:从《窦伯岁墓志》看唐代党项窦氏家族

Three Miao and Fu Feng Dou Family:the Tangut Dou family of the Tang Dynasty from the Epitaph of Dou Bo Sui

横山出土之《唐窦伯岁墓志》主要记载了唐代夏州地区党项首领窦伯岁的家族世系,窦伯岁本人及其曾祖窦罗磨、祖父窦越磨、父窦铁山所担任的各种职官名号。墓志不仅详述了唐史史籍未载之党项羁縻州长宁州及党项酋豪窦氏家族,还反映了窦氏家族的身份认同、汉化风气及其对于晚唐夏州藩镇武力的渗透。

The Epitaph of Dou Bo Sui,newly unearthed in northern Shaanxi,mainly recorded Dou Bo Sui’s family lineage,the Tangut chieftain in Xiazhou,in the Tang Dynasty.The Epitaph recorded various official titles held by Dou Bo Sui,his great grandfather,his grandfather,and his father.The Epitaph tells about Chang Ning,the Tangut Jimi Prefecture and Dou’s family,the Tangut chieftain,which have not been recorded in the Tang Dynasty annals.It also reveals the national identity of the Dou’s family,its sinicization,and its penetration into the military forces of Xiachou.