氮肥减施对苜蓿间作大白菜系统下大白菜根际土壤养分及生长的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Reduction on Rhizosphere Soil Nutrients and Growth of Chinese Cabbage Under Intercropping of Alfalfa and Chinese Cabbage

以苜蓿和大白菜为试材,在苜蓿与大白菜间作模式下,进行不同水平的氮肥减施处理,研究苜蓿与大白菜间作模式下氮肥减施对大白菜根际土壤养分及大白菜生长的影响,以期为白菜的安全生产和合理减肥提供参考依据。结果表明:苜蓿与大白菜垄间间作和垄沟间作提高了大白菜根际土壤的硝态氮、有效磷和速效钾含量,促进了大白菜对氮素的吸收利用,同时有利于大白菜生长。在苜蓿与大白菜1∶2垄沟间作方式下,减氮水平40%处理下(T2N2),大白菜根际土壤的硝态氮、有效磷和速效钾含量高于大白菜单作下常规施用氮肥水平处理和其它减氮水平处理。在苜蓿与大白菜1∶2垄沟间作方式下,适量减施氮肥有利于大白菜生长,品质积累和产量的提高,与大白菜单作下常规施用氮肥处理相比,减氮40%水平处理下(T2N2),大白菜667 m^(2)产量提高15.3%,改善了大白菜品质,提高了大白菜可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、维生素C和叶绿素含量。

Taking alfalfa and Chinese cabbage as material, conducting treatments of different levels of nitrogen reduction under intercropping of alfalfa and Chinese cabbage, the effects of nitrogen reduction on rhizosphere soil nutrients and growth of Chinese cabbage under intercropping of alfalfa and Chinese cabbage were studied, in order to provide a reference for safely production of Chinese cabbage, meanwile offering theoretical foundations for nitrogen reduction appropriate in Chinese cabbage production.The results showed that alfalfa and Chinese cabbage intercropping in ridge and alfalfa and Chinese cabbage intercropping in ridge and furrow improved contents of nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus and rapidly available potassium of Chinese cabbage rhizosphere soil, facilitating nitrogen uptake and growth of Chinese cabbage.Under the alfalfa and Chinese cabbage intercropping in 1∶2 ridge and furrow, the treatment(T2N2) with nitrogen reducing 40% increased contents of nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus and rapidly available potassium of Chinese cabbage rhizosphere soil, compared with the treatment of the application of routine nitrogen level under sole Chinese cabbage and other treatments of nitrogen reduction.Nitrogen reduction appropriate was beneficial to growth of Chinese cabbage, qualities accumulation and yields increasing under the alfalfa and Chinese cabbage intercropping in 1∶2 ridge and furrow, and with the nitrogen reducing 40%,the acre yield of Chinese cabbage improved 15.3%,accompanied with contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, vitamin C and chlorophyll increasing compared with the treatment of the application of routine nitrogen level.