叶面喷施硅对辣椒镉阻控效果

Effect of Foliar Spraying of Silicon Fertilizer on Cadmium Content Reduction in Pepper

以绥阳小米辣为试材,采用水培试验的方法,研究了在5.0 mg·L^(-1)Cd胁迫条件下,喷施不同浓度Na_(2)SiO_(3)溶液(0、1、2、3、4 mmol·L^(-1))对辣椒产量与Cd累积的影响,以期为贵州辣椒绿色安全生产提供参考依据。结果表明:叶面喷施Na_(2)SiO_(3)溶液能够促进辣椒果实发育和产量形成,增加辣椒硅含量,减少Cd的吸收及向地上部转移。与对照(L_(Si0))相比,叶面喷施4 mmol·L^(-1)Na_(2)SiO_(3)处理(L_(Si4))辣椒结果率、产量、单果质量与果形指数增幅效果最明显(P<0.05),增幅分别为54.55%、78.62%、30.77%与30.30%;辣椒不同部位Cd含量顺序表现为根>叶>茎>果实,叶面喷施Na_(2)SiO_(3)溶液,各部位硅含量显著增加,Cd含量显著降低,根部Cd含量降低效率最快,叶面喷施Na_(2)SiO_(3)主要作用为通过茎部向下转运Na_(2)SiO_(3)抑制根部吸收Cd,降低各部位Cd含量,L_(Si4)处理辣椒果实Cd含量降幅最明显,为29.18%。综合试验结果,叶面喷施Na_(2)SiO_(3)溶液有利于辣椒果实发育、产量形成和Cd含量降低,以4 mmol·L^(-1)的喷施效果最明显。

Taking Suiyang millet pepper as test material, the effects of spraying different concentrations(0,1,2,3,4 mmol·L^(-1)) of Na_(2)SiO_(3)on the yield and Cd content of pepper were studied by hydroponics, in order to provide technical reference for the green and safe production of pepper in Guizhou.The results showed that spraying a suitable concentration of Na_(2)SiO_(3)promoted the growth, quality and yield of pepper fruits, increased the Si content of pepper, reduced the absorption of Cd.Compared with the control(L_(Si0)),spraying 4 mmol·L^(-1)Na_(2)SiO_(3)(L_(Si4)) had the most significant effect on increasing fruit yield, yield, single fruit weight and fruit shape index(P<0.05) than other treatments, which were 54.55%,78.62%,30.77% and 30.30%,respectively.The order of Cd content in different parts of pepper was as follows, root>leaf>steam>fruit.When Na_(2)SiO_(3)solution was sprayed on the leaves, the Si content in each part of pepper increased significantly, while the Cd content decreased significantly, and the Cd content in the root decreased the fastest than other parts of pepper.The main effect of spraying Na_(2)SiO_(3)on leaves of pepper was to inhibit the absorption of Cd in roots and reduce the Cd content in various parts by transporting Na_(2)SiO_(3)from the stem to the root.The Cd content of pepper fruits treated by L_(Si4)decreased obviously, which was 29.18%.According to the comprehensive test results, spraying Na_(2)SiO_(3)on pepper leaves were beneficial to the formation of pepper quality and yield, and the spraying treatment of 4 mmol·L^(-1)had the best effect.