近零能耗变电站建筑实现途径研究

Research on Method of Near-zero Energy Consumption Substation Building

基于实地调研和DeST软件模拟,深入剖析变电站建筑的能量传输关系,完成了变电站能流图及用电分项,发现通风和空调系统是站内用电主要部分,因此有效排除室内热量是近零能耗目标实现的关键。通过强化自然通风为代表的被动式技术,充分利用环境空气进行降温,降低建筑自身用能需求;热管型空调排热降温、利用变压器排热对人员工作室等冬季有采暖需求房间供热,减少空调及采暖用电能耗,并结合变电站的建筑优势,充分利用以太阳能发电为代表的可再生能源,通过主被动技术结合,最终实现近零能耗变电站节能率60%的目标。对构建适宜的变电站建筑形式、建立相应的技术支撑体系,实现变电站建筑的近零能耗运行具有一定的指导意义。

Based on field research and DeST software simulation, this paper deeply analyzes the energy transmission relationship of substation buildings. The substation energy flow diagram and power consumption sub-items are established. It finds that ventilation and air conditioning are the main part of the power consumption in the station, and the effective removal of indoor heat is the key to achieving the goal of nearly zero energy consumption. By strengthening the passive technology represented by natural ventilation, it can make full use of ambient air for cooling and reduce the building’s own energy demand. Heat pipe air conditionercan help to remove heat and control the indoor temperature. Transformer heat can be utilized to supply for rooms that needs to maintain a thermal environment. With the help of these techniques, the electricity consumption will be reduced. Finally, the use of renewable energy represented by solar power will help to achieve the goal of 60% energy saving rate of nearly zero energy consumption substation. This research has certainly guiding significance for constructing suitable substation building form, establishing corresponding technical support system, and realizing near-zero energy consumption operation of substation building.