基于温度敏感性分析的乡村生产性建筑形态优化研究

Temperature Sensitivity Analysis of the Shape Optimization of Rural Productive Buildings

温度调控是乡村生产性建筑设计的关键,而形态设计的不确定性给其调温性能带来变数。为了消减调温的不确定性及挖掘形态的温度调节潜力,阐述了乡村生产性建筑与温度调控的关联关系;以湖北宜昌地区典型柑橘贮藏建筑为研究对象,采用随机生成与模拟技术,计算3 000栋建筑形态对应的室内温度,进而构建建筑面积、长宽比、窗墙比等6个形态参数与室内温度的统计模型;应用不确定性和敏感性分析方法,深入探索影响温度的关键形态参数及其影响规律,发现建筑形态变化对室内温度的影响达30%以上,建筑面积、长宽比、南向窗墙比和北向窗墙比是影响室内温度最敏感的四个参数;基于形态参数的温度影响趋势,提出相关优化策略和敏感参数的建议取值,为乡村生产性建筑形态设计与优化提供了理论依据和技术支撑。

Temperature regulation is the key to the environment design of rural productive buildings, but the uncertainty of shape design brings variables to the temperature regulation of productive buildings. This paper aims to reduce the uncertainty of temperature adjustment and analyze the potential of temperature adjustment of the form. The relationship between rural productive buildings and temperature control is clarified. A typical oranges storage building in Yichang is used as the research object, and random generation and simulation techniques are used to calculate the indoor temperature of 3000 buildings, followed by the construction of a statistical model of indoor temperature and six morphological parameters such as building area, aspect ratio, window-to-wall ratio. Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis methods would be used to make an in-depth exploration of the key shape parameters that affect indoor temperature and its influence. It is found that the change of building form affects the indoor temperature by more than 30%. Building area, aspect ratio, south-facing window-to-wall ratio and north-facing window-to-wall ratio are the four most sensitive parameters affecting indoor temperature. The optimization strategy and recommended values of sensitive parameters are proposed based on the temperature influence trend of morphological parameters, to provide a theoretical basis and technical reference for the design and optimization of rural productive building shape.