太阳能光热-光电真空膜蒸馏系统实验研究

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON SOLAR THERMAL AND PHOTOVOLTAIC VACUUM MEMBRANE DISTILLATION

传统的膜蒸馏装置直接采用电加热提供热量,能耗较高。该文研究并设计并搭建一套利用太阳能光热-光电技术供能的真空膜蒸馏系统。研究不同天气和太阳辐照度下系统的供热稳定性、膜通量、累积产水量变化情况;考察不同操作条件,如进料温度、盐浓度、流速、膜冷侧真空度对膜蒸馏系统产水性能的影响。研究结果表明,系统在晴天和多云天气的供热稳定性均较好,晴天可连续9.5 h保证膜蒸馏的进料液温度大于60℃。当太阳能聚光光伏光热装置面积为3 m^(2),真空管集热器面积为2.4 m^(2),膜面积为0.1146 m^(2)时,系统全天峰值膜通量可达10.1 kg/(m^(2)·h),累计产水量可达10.3 kg。膜冷侧真空度和进料温度对膜蒸馏系统产水性能影响较大,进料流速和盐浓度的影响相对较小。

Electricity is directly used in traditional membrane distillation to provide energy,and the energy consumption is high. In this paper,a vacuum membrane distillation system based on solar thermal and photovoltaic technology was designed and built. The changes of heating stability,membrane flux and cumulative water production under different weather and solar irradiance were investigated,and the effects of different operating conditions such as feed temperature,salt concentration,flow rate and vacuum degree on the water production performance of membrane distillation system were revealed. The results show that the heating stability of the system is good both in sunny and cloudy days. The temperature of the feed liquid can reach above 60 ℃ for 9.5 h on a sunny day. When the area of the CPV/T device is 3 m^(2),the area of the vacuum tube collector is 2.4 m^(2),the area of the membrane is 0.1146 m^(2),and the total membrane flux of the whole system can reach 10.1 kg/(m^(2)·h),and the accumulated water production can reach 10.3 kg. The vacuum degree and feed temperature have a of great influence on the water production performance while the effect of feed flow rate and salt concentration is relatively small.