生育对已婚女性社会流动的影响研究

The Influence of Fertility on the Social Mobility of Married Women

采用2010年、2016年中国家庭追踪调查数据,从定距和定类两个维度研究生育对已婚女性社会流动的影响。结果发现,幼年子女数量的增加对在业已婚女性职业国际社会经济地位指数(ISEI)得分、职业埃里克森-戈德索普-波特卡雷罗(Erikson-Goldthorpe-Portocarero, EGP)分类、职业流动存在显著的负向影响,幼年子女数量的增加导致在业已婚女性职业地位显著下降。分样本回归结果显示,幼年子女数量增加对祖辈未照料孙子女、幼教机构未照料子女、未参加职业培训、未使用互联网在业已婚女性群体的职业ISEI得分、职业EGP分类、职业流动存在显著的负向影响,幼年子女数量增加对幼教机构照料子女、参加职业培训、使用互联网的在业已婚女性群体职业ISEI得分、职业EGP分类、职业流动的影响不显著。

The study used data from the 2010、2016 China Family Panel Studies to analyze the impact of fertility on the social mobility of married women from the two dimensions of “fixed distance” and “fixed category”.The results show that the increase in the number of young children has a significant negative impact on the occupational ISEI score, occupational EGP classification, and occupational mobility of married women. The increase in the number of young children leads to a significant decline in the occupational status of married women.The increase in the number of young children has a significant negative impact on the career ISEI score, career EGP classification and career mobility of the working group of married women whose grandparents do not care for their grandchildren, who do not care for their children in preschool education institutions, who do not participate in non academic education, who do not use the Internet.The increase in the number of young children has no significant effect on the career ISEI score, the career EGP classification and the career mobility of married working women in preschool education institutions, participating in non academic education, using the Internet.