基于MSPA-MCR模型的云南德昂族乡景观生态安全格局构建

Construction of Landscape Ecological Security Pattern of Deang Nationality Township in Yunnan Based on MSPA-MCR Model

在社会经济高速发展的冲击下,传统少数民族地区的生态景观呈现“破碎化”“边缘化”的现象。本研究以云南德昂族乡为研究区,采用形态学空间分析(MSPA)和景观连通性指数分析方法,提取出连通性较高且具有重要意义的生态源地,基于AHP层次分析法选取地形地貌、自然环境、地质灾害、人类活动四个方面的10个阻力因子作为指标,构建德昂族乡生态综合阻力面,结合最小阻力模型(MCR)生成潜在生态廊道,最后基于重力模型对潜在廊道进行识别并提取出重要的生态廊道,构建德昂族乡景观生态安全格局。在此基础上,提出加强生态源地的保护和生态廊道的建设以及建设生态踏脚石的建议,以期为我国少数民族乡生态环境保护以及生物多样性营造提供参考。

Under the impact of rapid social and economic development,the ecological landscape in ethnic group areas shows a trend of fragmentation and marginalization.This paper takes the Deang Nationality Township in Yunnan Province as the research area,extracts the ecological source areas with high connectivity and great significance by the methods of morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA)and landscape connectivity index analysis.Then 10 resistant factors classified as topography,natural environment,geological disasters and human activities were selected with the analytic hierarchy process(AHP),thus constructing the ecological comprehensive resistance surface of Deang Nationality Township.Finally,the potential ecological corridors were generated using the minimum cumulative resistance model(MCR),and the landscape ecological security pattern of Deang Nationality Township was constructed through identifying important ecological corridors from potential ecological corridors.On this basis,suggestions of protecting ecological source areas and constructing ecological corridors and ecological stepping stones were put forward,hoping to provide reference for the ecological environment and biodiversity protection of ethnic townships in China.