含齿侧间隙的直齿轮热弹耦合刚度数值计算与试验

Numerical simulation and experimental analysis of thermoelastic coupling stiffness of the spur gear

齿轮啮合刚度计算的准确性对研究齿轮传动系统稳定性具有重要意义。其中临界补偿间隙对研究热弹耦合变形具有重要影响。该研究精准计算齿轮系统的临界补偿间隙,探究临界补偿间隙对齿轮传动系统的影响。根据齿轮刚度定义,综合考虑实际运行工况下齿轮的温度场影响,基于有限元法、当量齿形法(石川模型)、数值仿真与热膨胀理论,建立含有齿侧间隙的热弹耦合刚度计算模型,并通过数值计算求解了临界补偿间隙,并以临界补偿间隙为分界点,分析齿侧间隙与外载荷与齿轮啮合刚度的定量关系。通过试验证明模型的可靠性,研究结果对增加齿轮运转寿命、提高齿轮啮合平稳性具有重要理论意义。

Reliable specification of gear mesh stiffness is of great significance for the study on the stability of the gear transmission system.The critical compensation gap plays an important role in the study on thermoelastic coupling deformation.In this article,efforts are made to explore how to accurately calculate the gear system’s critical compensation clearance and its influence on the gear transmission system.According to the definition of gear stiffness,with the influence of the gear’s temperature field under the working conditions taken into consideration,the numerical model of thermally elastic coupling stiffness with the tooth side clearance is set up with the help of the finite-element method,the equivalent tooth-shape method(the Ishikawa model),numerical simulation and the thermal-expansion theory.The model is used to solve the critical compensation gap by means of numerical calculation,and the critical compensation gap is applied as the demarcation point to analyze the quantitative relationship among the tooth side gap,the external load and gear meshing stiffness.Finally,the reliability of the model is verified by means of experiments.These results provide theoretical basis for lengthening the service life of gears and improving the smoothness of gear meshing.