水平井轮式爬行器的设计与参数分析研究

Research on structural design and parameter analysis of the downhole wheeled tractor

针对油气井井下作业工具或仪器在水平井非垂直井段下入困难的问题,设计了一种井下轮式爬行器;从而通过爬行器的牵引动力将工具或仪器精确输送至目标位置;减少作业时间和成本。确定了爬行器的系统构成,阐述了其功能原理,完成了爬行器牵引短节机械结构设计,对其传动机理进行了优选和分析;建立了其结构参数与力学分析模型,提出了参数优选计算方法,得出了各结构参数之间的数值变化关系;通过分析和计算,验证了爬行器驱动力、轴向推力等各项性能参数。最终,研制出了爬行器牵引短节原理样机,并通过空载运行模拟试验验证了其结构原理和调节控制功能的可行性;为进一步的研究奠定了基础。

Since the downhole tools and instruments are difficult to enter the non-vertical section of the horizontal well, in this article a downhole wheeled crawler is designed. Thus, the tools and instruments are accurately conveyed to the target position through the traction power of the crawler, in order to shorten the operating time and reduce cost. Besides, the system structure of the crawler is determined, its functional principle is expounded, the mechanical and structural design of the crawler’s traction nipple is completed, and the transmission mechanism is optimized and analyzed. Then, the model of structural parameters and mechanical analysis is set up, the method of optimal calculation for parameters is proposed, and the relationship of numerical changes among structural parameters is worked out. By means of analysis and calculation, such performance parameters of the tractor as driving force, axial thrust and so on are verified. Finally, a principled prototype of the tractor’s traction nipple is developed;efforts a re made to verify the feasibility of its structural principle as well as functions of adjusting and controlling with the help of the simulation experiment of no-load operation. These results lay a solid foundation for further research.