地下工程氡防护方法及能力研究

Methods and performance of radon reduction techniques in underground facilities

为科学确定地下工程氡防护措施,本文根据地下工程氡防护经验,梳理了典型氡防护方法,并通过实际测量和性能实验,评价各种氡防护方法。结果表明,通风降氡是地下工程降氡普遍方法,对12000 m^(3)空间按照2 m^(3)/s风速通风1小时能够降低空气中氡浓度三分之一左右;吸附降氡能够对人员活动集中区域进行局部降氡,采用自研的移动降氡装置工作2小时能够使80 m^(3)含氡空气的氡浓度降低55%左右;屏蔽降氡能够对高氡析出率区域进行重点降氡,采用聚酰亚胺树脂防氡材料能够使阻氡效率大于99.5%。不同降氡方法都有其适用范围和优缺点,应根据地下工程实际情况进行优化设计。

In order to scientifically select radon reduction methods for underground facilities,typical radon reduction methods have been sorted out,and the capabilities of each radon reduction method has been evaluated through actual measurements as well as performance tests.The test results show that ventilation is a common technique to reduce radon concentration in underground facilities.With one hour ventilation at 2 m^(3)/s for a 12000 m^(3) space,about one third of radon concentration in the underground air can be reduced;While adsorption technique can reduce radon locally in areas where people are concentrated,which can reduce the radon concentration by about 55%in 80 m^(3) of space after working two hours;And the the sealing technique can significantly reduce radon in areas with high radon exhalation rates,with using of polyimide resin radon prevention materials,the radon resistance efficiency can be increased to more than 99.5%.Therefore,each radon reduction technique has its scope of application,advantages as well as disadvantages,and should be optimized according to the actual situation of underground facility.