基于GIS的广州市国家级开发区公共服务设施配置研究

Research on the Allocation of Public Service Facilities in Guangzhou National Development Zone Based on GIS

掌握开发区的公共服务配置情况是促进开发区健康发展的必然要求。本文选取广州市内的9个国家级开发区,基于开发区范围、2018年基础教育点、医疗点和高德地图POI等数据,采用GIS空间分析方法,对其基础教育、医疗和便民商店等公共服务配置情况进行研究,结果表明:从基础教育方面来看,广州南沙经济技术开发区、广州高新技术产业开发区和广州经济技术开发区的教育资源覆盖面积大、范围广,增城经济技术开发区周边教育资源分布平均,服务范围占全区比例高,而广州南沙保税港区教育资源较为匮乏;从医疗方面来看,受地理位置和发展规模影响,广州高新技术产业开发区和广州南沙经济技术开发区的医疗资源较为丰富,广州南沙保税港区的医疗资源相对匮乏,无法很好地保障就医需求;从便民商店覆盖情况来看,广州高新技术产业开发区能享受到的服务范围最大,且其覆盖面积占比也位于前列,广州南沙经济技术开发区和广州经济技术开发区的服务能力也在一定程度上优于其他国家级开发区。

It is necessary to master the public service allocation of the development zone to promote the healthy development of the development zone.In this paper,nine national development zones in Guangzhou are selected.Based on the data of development zone scope,basic education points,medical points and Gaode map POI,GIS spatial analysis method is used to study the public service allocation of basic education,medical treatment and convenience stores.The results show that:from the perspective of basic education,the education resources in Nansha Economic and Technological Development Zone,Guangzhou High-tech and Industry Development Zone and Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone cover a large area and a wide range.The educational resources around Zengcheng Economic and Technological Development Zone are evenly distributed and the service scope accounts for a high proportion in the whole district,while the educational resources in Nansha Free Trade Port Area of Guangzhou are relatively scarce.From the medical perspective,affected by the geographical location and development scale,Guangzhou High-tech Industrial Development Zone and Nansha Economic and Technological Development Zone are both rich in educational resources,and the medical resources in Nansha Free Trade Port Area of Guangzhou are relatively scarce,which can not guarantee the medical demand well.From the coverage of convenience stores,Guangzhou High-tech Industrial Development Zone can enjoy the largest range of services,and its coverage area proportion is also in the forefront.The service capacity of Guangzhou Nansha Economic and Technological Development Zone and Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone is better than that of other national development zones.