广东玉米主导品种粤甜28号的选育及特性分析

Breeding and Characteristic Analysis of Guangdong Dominant Corn Variety“Yuetian 28”

广东省农业科学院作物研究所利用群体选育及二环系选育相结合的方法,创制出亲缘关系远、互补性强的亲本材料“群1-1”和“GQ-1”,并以其为父母本组配的超甜玉米单交种“粤甜28号”。该品种2017年通过广东省农作物品种审定,2018、2020年分别通过国家南方区和黄淮海区农作物品种审定,是通过审定区域最多的甜玉米品种。2015年以500万元成功转让了该品种的品种经营许可权,是目前转让金额最多的甜玉米品种。从2017年至今粤甜28号连续4年被评为广东省玉米主导品种,进行了大面积推广。区域试验结果显示,该品种产量优势明显、品质优、抗倒性强,其中广东省区试2季试验产量均比对照极显著增产,分别居小组第1名和第2名;国家区试产量比对照显著增产,增产点在62.5%以上;适口性专家评分均优于对照,最高评分达到91.3分;倒伏率和倒折率之和在0~2.4%之间,显著低于同期参试品种。以粤甜28号为材料进行栽培及有关营养、生理、分子生物学方面的研究结果表明,粤甜28号籽粒中叶黄素、叶酸等营养元素含量高,是理想的营养型甜玉米品种。因此,粤甜28号是当前集高产、优质、营养及强抗倒伏于一体的甜玉米新品种,种植区域广,适宜机械化栽培管理和加工,有利于大面积推广,是市场亟需的突破性品种,也是理想的甜玉米基础研究材料。

The Crops Research Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences has developed parent materials GQ-1 and Group 1-1 with far genetic relationship and strong complementarity by the method of combining population breeding and second cycle inbred line breeding.“Yuetian 28”is a variety of single cross super-sweet corn with GQ-1 as female parent and Group 1-1 as male parent.This variety was approved by Guangdong Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2017,by National Southern Region and Huanghuaihai Region Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2018 and 2020 respectively.It is a sweet corn variety approved by the most areas.In 2015,the variety management license of“Yuetian 28”was transferred successfully with a transfer fee of 5 million yuan,and it is a sweet corn variety with the highest transfer fee at present.From 2017 to now,“Yuetian 28”has been rated as the dominant corn variety in Guangdong Province,and has been widely promoted.The regional trial results showed that“Yuetian 28”had obvious yield advantages,excellent quality and strong lodging resistance.In the two-season trial,the yields were significantly increased compared with those of the control,ranking No.1 and No.2 in the group respectively.The production in the national regional trial increased significantly compared with that of the control,with a yield increasing rate of above 62.5%.The palatability scores evaluated by experts were all superior to those of the control,with the highest score reaching 91.3.The sum of lodging and foiding rate was between 0-2.4%,which was significantly lower than that of other tested varieties in the same period.According to the research on cultivation,nutrition,physiology and molecular biology with“Yuetian 28”as the material,the results showed that the contents of lutein and folacin in the grains of“Yuetian 28”were high,which is an ideal nutritious sweet corn variety.Therefore,“Yuetian 28”is a new sweet corn variety with high yield,good quality,nutrition and strong lodging resistance.It has a wide planting area and is suitable for mechanized cultivation management and processing,which is conducive to large-scale promotion.“Yuetian 28”is not only a breakthrough variety in urgent need of the market but also an ideal basic research material for sweet corn.