GRACE重力卫星监测煤矿开采区地下水变化研究

GRACE-based monitoring groundwater change in coal mining areas

黄河中游是国家煤炭资源的聚集区,大规模、大范围的煤矿开采对地下水产生了较大扰动,而该区域的地下水是生产、生活重要的水源,因此,实时监测地下水变化是十分必要的。近年来,GRACE重力卫星为区域水储量变化监测提供了新的途径,本文利用GRACE重力卫星结合全球陆地数据同化系统GLDAS反演了黄河中游的重要支流-窟野河流域2009年的陆地水储量和地下水水储量变化,通过与降雨量、蒸发量、GLDAS和地表-地下水耦合模型的模拟结果进行分析比较后发现:GRACE可用于监测煤矿开采区地下水水储量变化,与基准期2004—2009年相比,2009年研究区陆地水水储量减少量为15.5 mm/月,地下水水储量减少量为29.4 mm/月。煤矿开采产生的导水裂隙带导通了土壤水与地下水交换的通道,导致土壤水的变化量与地下水水储量的变化量存在着较强的相关性,其相关系数达到0.84。

An extensive coal mining in the middle reaches of the Yellow River,a coal-rich area in China,has produced a relatively severe disruption of the groundwater which is an important water sources for living and production in the region.Therefore,it is fundamental to real time monitor the change of the groundwater.GRACE gravity satellite launched in 2002 has provided a new method for monitoring of a regional scale water storage change.An inverse analysis were carried out on the land water and groundwater storage of the Kuye River Basin,one of major tributaries of the Yellow River,using GRACE and GLDAS in 2009.Having compared precipitation,evaporation and the simulation results of GLDAS and surfacegroundwater coupling model,it was found that GRACE can be used to monitor the change of groundwater storage in coal mining region.The land storage and groundwater reduced in 2009 are 15.5 mm/m.and29.4 mm/m.respectively,compared with those of the basic period(2004-2009).The fractured water-conducting zones generated by coal mining have opened passages between soil water and groundwater.As a result,the change between them has noticeably related and their correlation coefficient is 0.84.