基于生态流量过程等级的水库调度研究

Research on Reservoir Operation Based on the Ecological Flow Process Level

为修复大坝下游生态退化的减脱水河段,基于ME-Tennant法定义了生态流量过程等级,构建了以生态流量过程等级最大和发电量最大为调度目标的生态调度模型,采用改进的NSGA-Ⅱ算法进行求解。将该模型运用于湖南省筷子篓-水口梯级电站,结果表明:生态流量与发电流量为竞争关系,随着生态流量过程等级增加,发电量也会减少;选取的丰平枯年调度方案发电量分别为11487、8444和6139万kWh,生态流量过程等级均处于“很好”等级,保证发电量的同时满足生态退化的河流恢复至健康状态的高层次生态用水需求,可为有生态退化问题的水库生态调度提供借鉴。

Based on the ME-Tennant method,this paper defines the ecological flow process level,and constructs an ecological operation model with the highest ecological flow process level and maximum power generation as the operation goal.The improved NSGA-Ⅱalgorithm is used to solve this model,which is used to repair the dewatering reaches of the downstream ecological degradation of the dam.The model is applied to the Kuaizilou-Shuikou Cascade Hydropower Station in Hunan Province,and the results show that the ecological flow and the power generation flow are in a competitive relationship.As the level of the ecological flow process increases,the power generation will also decrease.The power output of the selected reservoir scheduling schemes for the wet year,the normal year,and the dry year are 114.87,84.44,and 61.39 million kWh respectively,the ecological flow process levels are all at the“very good”level,ensuring the power generation and meeting the high-level ecological water demand for the restoration of ecologically degraded rivers to a healthy state.The research results can provide reference for the ecological operation of reservoirs with ecological degradation problems.