宅基地“三权分置”背景下农房抵押意愿影响因素分析——基于社会资本视角

Analysis on Influencing Factors of Rural Housing Mortgage Willingness Under the Background of“Three Rights Division”of Homestead:From the Perspective of Social Capital

基于福建742份农户调查数据,通过建立Logit-ISM模型,分析外部性、认知性以及关系性3个维度的社会资本对农民住房财产权(含宅基地使用权)抵押贷款意愿的影响情况。结果表明:(1)外部性社会资本(以“是否加入合作社”和“外出打工经历”指标衡量)和认知性社会资本(以“是否了解农村产权抵押”和“信贷政策”的指标衡量)对农民参与住房财产权抵押贷款意愿有显著的正向影响;(2)不同维度的社会资本对农民产权抵押融资意愿的影响存在差异:外部性社会资本作为深层次的原因影响着其认知性社会资本水平,进而影响贷款需求和经历,最终影响农民对农房的抵押融资意愿。基于此,为提高农民农房以及宅基地抵押融资的成功,建议加大对农民人力资本投资和农村产权知识的宣传以提高农民认知水平,鼓励农民加入当地农民合作社;借鉴一些地区宅基地抵押贷款权益实现的成功经验,在不同地区分类有序推进,以尽可能减少农村正规信贷供给的不足问题。

Based on the survey data of 742 farmers in Fujian,a Logit-ISM model was established to analyze the impact of social capital on farmers’willingness to participate in rural housing property(including homestead use rights)mortgage loan from the three dimensions of externality,cognition and relativity.The results indicate that external social capital measured by whether farmers join cooperatives and their experience of working outside the hometown,and cognitive social capital represented by whether farmers understand credit and rural property mortgage policy significantly influence farmers’willingness to participate in housing property mortgage loan.Furthermore,the impact of different dimensions of social capital on farmers’willingness varies.To be specific,as a deep-seated reason,external social capital affects its cognitive social capital level before affecting loan demand and experience,and farmers’willingness to mortgage financing for rural housing.Therefore,in order to ensure that more farmers succeed in rural housing and homestead mortgage financing,it is suggested that government should promote public education of farmers on human capital investment and rural property rights so as to improve their cognitive level;Secondly,farmers should be encouraged to join local farmers’cooperatives;Thirdly,local governments should learn from the success in areas where homestead mortgage rights and interests have been realized before they promote the task in different regions in order to reduce the shortage of rural formal credit supply as much as possible.