农村代际关系情感化——基于城郊农村的调查

Emotional Intergenerational Relations in Rural Area:A Study Based on Survey of Rural Areas in Developed Areas

在社会转型期,农村代际关系逐渐呈现情感化趋势。通过对城郊农村代际关系进行田野考察,在三代视域中分析农村代际关系的变迁及其互动逻辑。结果表明:城郊农村子代与父代的关系表现为交往型代际关系,即以“资源投入-情感反馈”为核心的互动模式,并具有子代依附性、代际互动日常性与互惠性、价值整合性特点。改革开放以来的经济发展和打工经济的兴起、计划生育后家庭结构少子化趋势、社会保障制度不断完善、城郊家庭“一城一乡”居住格局,共同构成交往型代际关系的社会基础。在交往型代际关系中,父代与子代形成多元互动策略,通过教养分离、亲密关系建构和互动均衡维持家庭代际关系的总体平衡。交往型代际关系是父代与子代共同调整的结果,具有高度情感性特征,有利于子代发展和家庭关系和谐。基于此,建议重新审视农村家庭代际关系及其平衡过程,以此理解社会转型中的家庭变迁。

As the society transforms,intergenerational relations in rural areas gradually take on an emotional trend.Through the fieldwork examining the intergenerational relationship among three generations in the suburbs and rural areas,changes in rural intergenerational relationship and the logic of the interactions were analyzed.The study found that the relationship between offspring and their parents in the suburbs and rural areas is expressed as an intergenerational relationship,that is,an interaction model with“resource input-emotional feedback”as the core characterized by offspring dependency,interaction on daily basis and reciprocity in intergenerational interactions,and value integration.With the economic development and the rise of the working economy since the reform and opening up,the trend of declining birthrates,the continuous improvement of the social security system,and the“one generation in the city and the other in the countryside”living pattern of suburban families constitute the social foundation for intergenerational relationships.In communicative intergenerational relationships,parents and offspring have formed multiple interaction strategies,maintaining the overall balance of family intergenerational relationships through separation of education and care,intimacy construction,and interactive balance.The communicative intergenerational relationship is the result of the joint adjustment of the parents and the offspring as it has high emotional characteristics and is conducive to the development of offspring and the harmony of family relations.Therefore,it is necessary to re-examine intergenerational relationship and its balance process in rural families in order to understand how families change in social transformation,where lies the proper meaning of intergenerational relationship research.