世界历史·亚细亚现象·中国道路--从马克思唯物史观的角度看

World History,Asian Phenomenon and the Chinese Path:A Perspective of Historical Materialism

马克思的“世界历史”范畴,是被空间关系中介了的时间关系的历史展现。马克思意义上的“世界历史”实际地崛起,使历史逻辑的时间性展现获得了一种横向的空间性意义。人类通过普遍的交往,使得不同民族、不同地域、不同国家,不再按照同一路径和模式走向最终的历史目标既成为可能也成为必要。马克思提出的“亚细亚生产方式”,从根本上决定了“亚细亚现象”。这种个案性使东方社会跨越“资本主义制度的卡夫丁峡谷”,既是能够的也是必要的。这就从学理层面上为东方国家按照自身的历史特质,走出一条区别于西方的独特道路开辟了可能性,由此决定了“中国道路”的选择和方向。

Marx’s concept of "World History" is a historical presentation of time relations mediated by spatial relations. Such "World History" actually rises, which makes the temporal presentation of historical logic gain a horizontal spatial meaning. Through universal communication, human beings have made it possible and necessary for different nations, different regions, and different countries not to longer follow the same path and mode to the final historical goal. The "Asiatic Mode of Production" put forward by Marx fundamentally determines the "Asian Phenomenon." This individual case makes it both possible and necessary for Eastern countries to cross the "Caudine Forks of Capitalist System." This opens up the possibility for eastern countries to walk out a unique path that is different from the west according to their own historical characteristics from the theoretical level, which determines the choice and direction of the "Chinese Path."