人机协同教育治理的障碍与突破

Obstacles and Breakthroughs of Human-Machine Collaborative Educational Governance

人机协同作为人工智能时代教育变革的突破口,积极探索其在教育治理领域的应用图景和发展路径,是实现教育治理现代化的必然路向。人机协同教育治理将治理主体从自然人扩展到智能机器,能够实现人机交互、优势互补、高效合作的现代化教育治理,在变革教育治理主体结构与关系,提升政府、市场、社会组织参与治理教育的能力,赋能微观教与学问题求解等方面前景广泛。但其发展面临治理主体的传统管理思维固化与应用智能机器能力不足、智能技术落后于教育治理发展需求、治理机制不健全以及人机不协同导致治理效能损耗突出等障碍。为更好实现人机协同教育治理,需加快治理思维从"经验治理"向"智慧治理"转变,治理能力从"被动适应"向"主动变革"转变,治理技术从"串联发展"向"并联发展"转变,治理机制从"泛智"向"善智"转变,协作方式从"框架合作"向"精准合作"转变。

Since human-machine collaboration is the breakthrough of educational reform in the era of artificial intelligence,it is the inevitable way to realize the modernization of educational governance by actively exploring the application prospect and development path of it in the field of educational governance.Human-machine collaborative educational governance can extend the main body of governance from natural person to intelligent machine,and realize the modern educational governance featuring human-machine interaction,complementary advantages and efficient cooperation.It has a broad prospect in reforming the main structure and relationship of educational governance,improving the ability of government,market and social organizations to participate in educational governance,and enabling the solution of teaching and learning problems at the micro level.However,the development of human-machine collaborative educational governance is confronted with obstacles such as the solidification of traditional management thinking of governance subjects and the lack of human-machine collaboration ability,intelligent technology falling behind the development needs of educational governance,imperfect governance mechanism and outstanding loss of governance efficiency caused by human-machine non-collaboration.In order to better realize human-machine collaborative educational governance,we need to accelerate the transformation of governance thinking from“experience governance”to“wisdom governance”,governance capacity from“passive adaptation”to“active reform”,governance technology from“series development”to“parallel development”,governance mechanism from“pan-wisdom”to“good wisdom”,the mode of cooperation from“framework cooperation”to“accurate cooperation”.