四字格中医脏腑病机术语的词法结构及英译分析

Analysis on Syntactic Structure and English Translation of Four-character Traditional Chinese Medicine Zang-fu Pathogenesis Terms

此研究从词法结构角度将四字格中医脏腑病机术语分为定中式偏正结构、主谓(宾)结构和并列结构三类,并在分类的基础上以术语翻译的准确性、回译性和系统性原则为依据,考量四个平行翻译文本的译法。研究发现,定中式偏正结构四字格脏腑病机术语可译为n(中心语名词)+of/in+n(修饰语名词)的介词短语结构,其修饰语可用单字组合法英译,中心语是双音节合成词则仍采用单字组合法英译,是双音节单纯词则采用意译法;主谓(宾)结构的四字格脏腑病机术语可译为n(主语)+Ving+n(宾语)的英语短语结构,英译的重点和难点是谓语动词,寻找对应语英译时应首先理解动词在源术语中的含义,并考虑其与相关近义词的区别;并列结构的四字格脏腑病机术语英译时需考虑术语隐含的语义逻辑关系,并选择恰当的逻辑连接词来翻译隐含的语义逻辑关系。

The study clarify four-character TCM zang-fu pathogenesis terms into modification phrases,subject-predicate structure and coordination structure from the perspective of syntactic structure and analyze their translation on the basis of terminology translation principle.The study found that four-character TCM zang-fu pathogenesis of modification phrases can be translated into“n+of/in+n”,in which modifier can be translated word by word,compound qualified word can also be translated word by word and simple qualified word can be translated according to meaning.Four-character TCM zang-fu pathogenesis of subject-predicate structure can be translated into“n+Ving+n”.The key of translation is predicate verb.Four-character TCM zang-fu pathogenesis of coordination structure imply semantic logical relation and we should choose correct logical connectives to express its semantic logical relation.