环洞庭湖农业种植区水资源环境效率空间差异研究

Study on Spatial Differences of Water Resources Environmental Efficiency in Agricultural Planting Areas around Dongting Lake

为评价环洞庭湖农业种植区水资源环境效率,通过种植业结构调整和农业节水灌溉确保湖区农业用水安全,以环洞庭湖区岳阳、常德、益阳3市16县(市、区)为研究区域,选取2019年农业水资源利用的经济效益和环境效益的相关指标,应用基于方向距离函数的Luenberger生产率模型,计算环洞庭湖典型生态区主要种植模式的环境效率,估算16个县(市、区)的整体环境效率的空间差异。结果表明:1)环洞庭湖16个县(市、区)4种典型种植模式环境效率(LEI)存在明显差异;2)四口河岸地区农业水资源相对环境效率较低。最后提出实施湖区种植业农药化肥减量增效、优化湖区水稻+种植模式、加强四口流域水利工程建设、推进高标准农田节水灌溉等对策建议。

To evaluate the environmental efficiency of water resources in agricultural planting areas around Dongting Lake, the agricultural water safety in the lake area was ensured by adjusting the planting structure and agricultural watersaving irrigation. Taking 16 counties(cities, districts) of Yueyang, Changde and Yiyang around Dongting Lake area as the study area, selecting the related indicators of economic and environmental benefits of agricultural water resources utilization in 2019, applying Luenberger productivity model based on directional distance function, the environmental efficiency of main planting patterns in typical ecological areas around Dongting Lake was calculated, and the spatial difference of overall environmental efficiency of 16 counties(cities, districts) was estimated. The results showed that: 1) The environmental efficiency(LEI) of four typical planting patterns in 16 counties(cities and districts) around Dongting Lake is obviously different;2) The relative environmental efficiency of agricultural water resources in the four riparian areas is low. Finally, some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward, such as reducing and increasing the efficiency of pesticides and fertilizers, optimizing the “Rice plus Planting Mode”, strengthening the construction of water conservancy projects in four river basins, and promoting water-saving irrigation of high-standard farmland.