晚清广西地方权力体系的变动

Changes in Guangxi’s Local Power System in the Late Qing Dynasty

清代改土归流并非一蹴而就的过程,直至晚清,广西仍有一些小土司存在。弹压委员在广西改土归流过程中扮演了十分特殊的角色,弹压委员的到来为彻底废除土司制度作了准备,是土州县向现代政区转变中的重要一环。晚清的广西基层社会,地方士绅通过地方团练介入地方事务,与土司分权。清末的广西社会出现了基层地方权力结构重组的特征,这为广西乡镇的近代行政变革奠定基础,同时也为民国时期乡村自治的出现提供了条件。

At the beginning of the Qing dynasty, the Qing government implemented reforms on chieftain system in Guangxi. The reformation was not an overnight process. Until the late Qing Dynasty, there were still some small chieftains in Guangxi. The suppressing officials played a very special role in the process of the reform. The arrival of the suppressing officials had made preparations for the complete abolition of the chieftain system, which was an important part of the transformation of Tuzhou county into a modern political district. In the grass-roots society of Guangxi in the late Qing Dynasty, local gentry intervened in local affairs through local group training and decentralized power with the chieftain. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Guangxi society appeared the characteristics of the reorganization of the local power structure at the grassroots level, which laid the foundation for the modern administrative reform of Guangxi towns and villages, and also provided conditions for the emergence of rural autonomy during the Republic of China.