天津市小学生生活方式与近视关联研究

The Association Between Lifestyle and Myopia Among Primary School Students

目的探讨天津市小学生生活方式与近视的关联,为儿童青少年近视防控提供依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,在天津市8个区选取3458名小学高年级学生作为研究对象,使用台式电脑验光仪测量屈光度,并进行行为生活方式的问卷调查。结果多因素logistic回归分析显示,每日中高强度运动时间<30 min(OR=4.071)、白天户外活动时间30~60 min(OR=3.394)以及<30 min(OR=6.844)、没有午睡习惯(OR=3.074)、久坐时间≥8 h(OR=1.410)、视屏时间1~2 h(OR=2.001)、视屏时间≥2 h(OR=5.220)、一周喝一次以上含糖饮料(OR=4.480)、不是每天摄入新鲜水果蔬菜(OR=1.451)均与近视存在统计学关联(P<0.01)。结论小学生的生活方式与近视存在关联。儿童青少年应养成健康的生活方式,从而预防近视的发生和发展。

Objective To explore the relationship between lifestyle and myopia among primary school students,to provide basis for the prevention and control of myopia in children and adolescents.Methods Using the method of stratified random cluster sampling,3458 high-level graders in primary schools were selected from 8 districts of Tianjin as the study subjects.Refraction measurements by an auto-refractor and questionnaire survey about lifestyle were conducted.Results The results of the multivariate logistic regression showed that daily medium and high intensity exercise time 30-60 min(OR=3.743),daily medium and high intensity exercise time<30 min(OR=4.071),outdoor activities during one day with 30-60 min(OR=3.394)and<30 min(OR=6.844),no nap habit(OR=3.074),sedentary time≥8 h(OR=1.410),screen time 1-2 h(OR=2.001),screen time≥2 h(OR=5.220),drinking sugary drinks more than once a week(OR=4.480)and not eating fresh fruits and vegetables every day(OR=1.451)were statistically correlated with myopia(P<0.01).Conclusion The lifestyle of primary school students was related to myopia.Children and adolescents should develop a healthy lifestyle to prevent the occurrence and development of myopia.