2021年胰腺癌研究及诊疗新进展

Advances in basic research,clinical diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer in 2021

胰腺癌是恶性程度极高的消化道肿瘤,由于缺乏适当的筛查和诊断方法、胰腺位置深、组织活检困难、肿瘤进展快及对治疗应答率低,其发病率与死亡率几乎一致。约80%的患者在确诊时已是晚期,中位生存期不足1年。胰腺癌极具侵袭性的疾病性质和患者的低存活率,使其成为严重的全球疾病负担。大量基础与临床研究的推进,使得胰腺癌在发病机制、诊断方法、围手术期处理、放疗技术和晚期疾病的系统治疗等方面取得了新的进展。这些成果不断丰富胰腺癌患者的诊治手段,改善其预后。现对2021年胰腺癌研究领域的重大研究进展进行综述。

Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant tumor of the digestive tract.Given the lack of appropriate screening and diagnosis methods,the deep location of the pancreas,difficulty in a tissue biopsy,rapid tumor progression and low response rate to radiotherapy or chemotherapy,its morbidity is almost similar to the mortality.Approximately 80%of patients with pancreatic cancer have advanced disease at the time of diagnosis,and the average survival time is less than 1 year.The extremely aggressive nature of pancreatic cancer and the low survival rate make it a heavy global burden.With the advancement of many basic and clinical studies,new progress has been made in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer,diagnostic methods,preoperative treatment,radiotherapy techniques and systemic treatment of advanced diseases during the last year.These results further enrich the treatment options for patients with pancreatic cancer and improve the prognosis.The present review summarized the important findings in pancreatic cancer research in 2021.