“零度写作”在新写实小说中的阐释变异

The Interpretative Variation of “Zero-degree Writing” in New Realistic Novels

罗兰·巴特在社会历史神话和语言形式怪圈的不断批判中提出了"零度写作",新时期出现的一股"新写实"的写作潮流与巴特的理论不谋而合。20世纪80年代末的文艺评论家们亦受巴特文论的启发,对"新写实小说"进行"零度"阐释。但是,在这种阐述过程中,他们更多关注的是去除意识形态遮蔽、消解主体的社会历史维度,而忽略了"零度写作"的语言形式维度。也正因为这一"断章取义"的阐释,"零度"脱离了巴特对"语言的乌托邦"的热切想象,却在中国本土大地上形成生存意义上的审美样貌。

Roland Barthes put forward"zero-degree writing"in his continual criticism of social and historical myths and linguistic form, and the style of"new realism"in the new period accord with Barthes’ critical idea. In the late 1980s, literary critics were inspired by Roland Barthes to examine new realistic novels from the perspective of"zero-degree writing". However, their interpretation emphasized only the deconstruction of social, historical and ideological dimensions of the subject, and ignored the linguistic aspect of"zero-degree writing". It is precisely this out-of-context interpretation that isolated"zero-degree writing"from Barthes’ eager imagination of"linguistic utopia", and created an existence aesthetics in China.