身体:魏晋审美领域的新视野--从先秦、秦汉与魏晋的身体观念比较谈起

Body:A new Horizon of Aesthetics Field Wei-Jin Dynasties--From the Body Concept Comparison Among Pre-Qin Period,Qin-Han Dynasties and Wei-Jin Dynasties

先秦时期的身体观念中身体被伦理化、规范化;秦汉时期,身体的肉体性受到关注与肯定,并且认为身体能永恒长存,将人的身体与天数运化和社会伦理规范相联系;而在魏晋时期,肉体性的身体具有短暂性与个体性,同时成为审美对象。当然,魏晋时期的身体审美带有历史局限性,如女性的容貌身姿之美并未得到肯定与赞扬,而魏晋士人在追求自由与解放的身体审美活动中,也规范了一种固定的身体审美模式。

The body was ethicized and standardized in the concept of the body during the pre-Qin period;During the Qin and Han dynasties,the physical body was concerned and approved.It had been believed that the body could exist permanently and the body was linked with fate and social ethics.While during the Wei and Jin dynasties,the physical body was endowed with temporality and individuality and became an aesthetic object.Of course,the aesthetic of the body during the Wei and Jin dynasties had historic limitations.For example,the beauty of female appearance and body was not approved and praised.Meanwhile,a standardized aesthetic mode of the body had been established in the aesthetic activities through what the people of the Wei-Jin dynasties pursued freedom and liberation.