美国高粱替代玉米对樱桃谷肉鸭生产性能和屠宰性能的影响

Effects of American Sorghum as Substitute of Corn in Diet on Growth Performance and Slaughter Performance of Cherry Valley Ducks

【目的】为探究美国高粱替代饲粮中不同比例的玉米及添加酶制剂对樱桃谷肉鸭生长性能和屠宰性能的影响,推荐肉鸭配方中美国高粱的适宜添加比例。【方法】试验选取健康的1日龄樱桃谷肉鸭苗2500只,随机分为5个处理组,分别为对照组(玉米型日粮)、50%替代组(美国高粱替代50%的玉米)、50%替代+复合酶组(美国高粱替代50%的玉米+复合酶制剂)、100%替代组(美国高粱替代100%的玉米)、100%替代+复合酶组(美国高粱替代100%的玉米+复合酶制剂),进行为期38 d的试验。【结果】试验数据表明:美国高粱替代饲粮中50%玉米时,在试验前期、试验后期及试验全期,对樱桃谷肉鸭平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)和料重比(F/G)均无显著影响(P>0.05);美国高粱100%替代饲粮中玉米时,在试验前期、试验后期及试验全期,显著降低樱桃谷肉鸭ADFI和ADG(P<0.05);添加酶制剂对ADFI没有影响,但能改善ADG和F/G;各组成活率均无显著差异(P>0.05)。美国高粱分别替代50%、100%玉米对樱桃谷肉鸭的屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率和腿肌率均无显著影响(P>0.05);添加酶制剂对半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率有提高趋势,但差异不显著(P>0.05);美国高粱替代50%玉米和替代100%玉米之后,腹脂率均有下降趋势,但差异不显著(P>0.05);在添加酶制剂之后,腹脂率有改善,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】使用美国高粱50%替代玉米对樱桃谷肉鸭的生产性能和屠宰性能均无显著影响;而100%替代玉米则会降低樱桃谷肉鸭的生产性能,在此基础上添加酶制剂能够使生产性能得到一定的改善。

【Objective】The effect of replacing corn with American sorghum on growth performance and slaughter performance of ducks was evaluated to obtained proper proportion of America sorghum in formula.【Method】The experiment was launched in 25001-day-old healthy Cherry Valley ducks which were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups.The five groups were respectively supplemented with 0%,50%,50%,100%,100%American sorghum substituted for corn in basal diet,and the third group and the fifth group were added multienzyme complex.The whole period of the experiment was 38 days.【Results】The experimental data showed as follows:When American sorghum replaced 50%corn in the diet,there were no significant effects on average daily feed intake(ADFI),average daily gain(ADG)and feed to gain(F/G)of cherry valley ducks in the early,late and whole period of the experiment(P>0.05);The ADFI and ADG of cherry valley ducks were significantly decreased in the early stage,late stage and whole stage of the experiment when American sorghum replaced Chinese corn 100%(P<0.05);No significant differences were presented among the addition of multienzyme complex,but it could improve the ADG and F/G.However,there was no significant difference in survival rate among the 5 groups(P>0.05).No significant differences on the slaughter rate,semi net bore rate,total net bore rate,chest muscle rate and leg muscle rate of duck were presented among the American sorghum replaced 50%and 100%corn respectively(P>0.05).The results showed that when the multienzyme complex was added,the half bore rate,total net bore rate and chest muscle rate of ducks increased,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).The abdominal fat rate of ducks was decreased after 50%and 100%corn was substituted,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).However,when the multienzyme complex was added,the abdominal fat rate improved,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).【Conclusion】In conclusion,with dietary supplementation of American sorghum substitute for 50%of corn,no significant differences on the growth performance and slaughter performance of cherry valley ducks were presented.The 100%alternative corn can reduce the performance of cherry valley ducks which can be improved by adding multienzyme complex.