精细化监管措施对规范医疗废物管理的效果研究

Efficacy of refined supervision measures on standardizing medical waste management

目的评价精细化监管措施对规范医疗废物管理的效果。方法选取某三级医院5个病区,实施医疗废物分类知识专项培训考核,贴实物图式标识,实地检查分类情况并现场反馈、指导等精细化监管措施。2019年3—5月为基线调查阶段,2020年11月—2021年1月为干预阶段,比较干预前后医务人员对医疗废物分类知识的知晓情况、分类正确率、医疗废物重量的变化。结果实施精细化监管措施后,医务人员医疗废物分类知识考核合格率(60分以上)由干预前的51.67%(62/120)提高到干预后的89.41%(152/170),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);废物分类合格率由干预前的81.34%(763/938)提高到干预后的95.94%(1017/1060),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);医疗废物重量明显减少,由干预前的9540.22 kg减少到干预后的6663.03 kg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论精细化监管措施提高了医务人员医疗废物分类知识知晓水平及分类正确率,有效提升医疗废物管理效果,使医疗废物管理更加规范。

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of refined supervision measures on standardizing medical waste management.Methods Five wards of a tertiary hospital were selected to implement refined supervision measures,including special training and checking on medical waste classification knowledge,pasting graphic signs,on-site inspecting classification as well as on-site feedback and guidance.The baseline survey period was from March to May 2019,intervention period was from November 2020 to January 2021,health care workers’knowledge on medical waste classification,classification accuracy as well as changes in weight of medical waste before and after intervention were compared.Results After the implementation of refined supervision measures,the qualified rate of check of health care workers in medical waste classification knowledge(>60 points)increased from 51.67%(62/120)before intervention to 89.41%(152/170)after intervention,difference was significant(P<0.001);qualified rate of waste classification increased from 81.34%(763/938)before intervention to 95.94%(1017/1060)after intervention(P<0.05);the weight of medical waste decreased significantly,from 9540.22 kg before intervention to 6663.03 kg after intervention(P<0.001).Conclusion Refined supervision measures improve health care wor-kers’knowledge and classification accuracy of medical waste classification,effectively improve the efficacy of medical waste management,and further standardize medical waste management.