涡旋电磁波轨道角动量传输技术

Vortex Electromagnetic Waves Transmission with Orbital Angular Momentum

携带轨道角动量(OAM)的电磁波被称为涡旋电磁波,可进一步分为量子态OAM电磁波和统计态OAM电磁波2种。其中,量子态OAM电磁波中每个电磁波量子的内禀OAM不为零,可利用OAM物理量形成无线传输新维度;统计态OAM电磁波则是利用电磁波量子的外部OAM形成具有正交螺旋相位面的统计态波束,由于统计态波束与空域的紧耦合关系,可以被认为是多天线MIMO系统特例。介绍了量子态OAM电磁波和统计态OAM电磁波的传输技术及通信体制,说明了利用OAM维度可超越传统多天线MIMO容量界后形成含有OAM维度的新MIMO容量界。

Electromagnetic(EM)waves carrying orbital angular momentum(OAM)are called vortex EM waves,which can be further divided into the quantum OAM waves and the statistical OAM waves.Furthermore,the intrinsic OAM of each EM wave photon in the quantum OAM waves is non-zero.Then,the quantum OAM waves can be utilized to form a new dimension of wireless transmission.Correspondingly,the statistical OAM waves use the extrinsic OAM of the EM wave photon to form the statistical beams with the orthogonal helical phase fronts.Because of the tight coupling relationship between the statistical vortex beam and the space domain,the statistical vortex beam can be equivalently considered as a special case of the traditional MIMO system.It introduces the transmission technologies and communication systems of the quantum OAM waves and the statistical OAM waves.In addition,it is shown that the capacity bound of the traditional MIMO system can be surpassed by using OAM to form a new MIMO capacity bound with the OAM dimension.