养猪场对周围河流水质的影响与评价

Impact and Assessment of River Quality Around the Pig Farm

养殖业是农业面源污染的主要来源,对周围河流水质有重要影响。养殖场周围河流设置7个监测点,监测各点的DO、pH值、COD_(cr)、BOD_(5)、NH_(3)-N、TP、粪大肠菌群、SS指标,用单因子指数法和内梅罗指数法评价河流污染情况。监测结果表明,养殖场附近河流均受到不同程度污染,靠近养殖场大门处污染最严重,养殖场附近小微水体受污染程度较之大的河流更为严重,主要污染物质为有机物和营养盐。单因子指数及内梅罗指数评价显示,养殖场附近河流多处呈中到重度污染,养殖场对周围河流污染有明显贡献作用。研究结果可为防止养殖场周围小微水体黑臭化,及“水华”的发生提供科学依据,为制定污染防治措施提供参考。

Livestock Breeding account for the main source of agricultural non-point source pollution,and has an important influence on the water quality of the surrounding rivers.Seven monitoring points were set up in the rivers around the farm to monitor indicators as:DO,pH,COD_(cr),BOD_(5),NH_(3)-N,TP,fecal coliform,SS,and the river pollution was evaluated by single factor index method and Nairobi index method.Monitoring results indicate that the rivers near the farm are polluted to varying degrees.The area near the farm gate are polluted mostly,the small and micro water bodies near the farm polluted more seriously.The main pollutants in aquatic body are organic matter and nutrient salt.From the evaluation results of single factor index and Nairobi index,many rivers near the farms showed medium to severe pollution,and the farms significantly contributed to the pollution of the surrounding rivers.The research results can provide scientific basis for preventing malodorous and black water body around the farm and the occurrence of"water blooms",and also can provide references for making the formulation of pollution prevention.